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Melodiya was established in 1964 as the "All-Union Gramophone Record Firm of the USSR Ministry of Culture Melodiya". It utilized gigantic resources of numerous recording studios and manufacturing facilities throughout the USSR as well as powerful centres of distribution and promotion. As of 1973 Melodiya had released some 1,200 gramophone records with the total circulation of 190-200 million per year and 1 million compact cassettes per year and was exporting its production into more than 70 countries. Production was dominated by classical music and music by Soviet composers and musicians with performances of works by Tchaikovsky and Shostakovich being valued for their ’authenticity’. Melodiya also released some of the most successful western pop, jazz and rock records. After the expiry of contracts with EMI and then BMG in 2003, the company re-opened under new management and in 2006 started re-releasing recordings under its own label again.